Table 17.Correlation coefficient and regression equations of % of growth terminated shoot
(GTS) by July 15 and yield and fruit quality of Fuji apple trees on dwarfing rootstocks.

Variable
X

Regression
equation

Correlation
coefficient

EstimatedY value forX values of
8890929496

Y

w

GTSz
GTS
GTS

Yield (kg)
% PCF (%)y
Brix (%)x

Y= 157.9- 1.34X
Y= 259.4- 2.43X
Y= 1.12+ 0.157X

-0.46**
-0.68**
0.72**

39.9
45.6
14.9

37.3
40.7
15.3

34.6
35.8
15.6

31.9
30.9
15.9

29.3
26.1
16.2

z% of growth terminated shoot per tree on July 15.
y% of poor colored fruit which colored less than 30% of surface.
xAverage brix of fruit.
w**Significant at 1% level.

Table 18.Optimum growth indices of Fuji apple trees with a high density hedge row for the
production of high quality fruit in Nagano, Japan.

Planting system
Hedge occupied area
Canopy occupied area per tree
Crossing % of canopy occupied area
Leaf area index (LAI) per orchard
Tree height
Trunk cross-sectional area
Average shoot length (except for spurs)
% of growth terminated shoot
Leaf color (value of Minolta-SPAD50)
Fruits per tree
Yield
Average fruit weight
Leaf-fruit ratio
Average brix of fruit

4 x 1.5~2 m spacing of South-North hedge row
55~60%
3.5~4.5 m2
>1.5 m2
1.8~2.2
Less than 3.5 m (bearing height: less than 2.8 m)
45~60 cm2(15 cm above graft-union)
About 20 cm (except for spurs)
90~95% (middle June), 95~100% (early July)
29~31 (middle May), 43~45 (middle June)
100~110
28~33 kg/tree, 45~55 t/ha
300~330 g
50~60 per fruit
15.5~16.0%

Table 19.Results of apple rootstock and interstock trial during the first 5 years with Fuji in
1997.

Tree
height
(cm)

Cumulative
yield/tree
(kg)

Cumulative
yield/TCA
(kg/cm2)

Av. fruit
weight
(g)

Rootstock and
interstock

TCA
(cm2)

Yield/
tree

JM.7
M.9 NAGANOz
M.9 NAGANO/Maruba.y
M.9B
M.9 VF157x
M.9 Pajam 1
M.9 Pajam 2

412
358
398
396
339
375
336

27.2
19.8
27.5
21.5
15.0
17.7
17.6

25.8
22.0
21.7
18.7
14.7
25.0
19.1

29.8
25.4
25.4
22.4
17.4
28.4
23.3

1.11
1.30
1.02
1.08
1.21
1.62
1.30

420
381
366
408
383
408
394

zM.9- was named as M.9 NAGANO in 1997.
y5-year-old Fuji trees/M.9 NAGANO (40 cm) interstem on Marubakaido (M. prunifoliaBork.
var. ringo) planted as interstock half-buried. Trees on other rootstocks (40 cm) are planted as
rootstock half-buried.
xNew virus-free clone of M.9 introduced in Nagano Fruit Tree Experiment Station.

Table 20. Comparison of growth and yield of 5-year-old standard growth habit Fuji apple trees
and Seirin-spur Fuji apple trees on M.9 NAGANO/Marubakaido interstems with interstem half
buried at 4 x 2 m spacing.

Tree
height
(cm)

Bearing
height
(cm)

Cumulative
yield/tree
(kg)

Cumulative
yield/TCA
(kg)

Total shoot
length/tree
(cm)

Flowers
/spur
(%)

Cultivar and
training

TCA
(cm2)

Slender spindlebush trees
Seirin-spur Fuji382221
Fuji340266

23.9
33.8

24.3
37.8

1.02
1.12

4011
8891

45.7
60.3

Y-trellistrees
Seirin-spur Fuji
Fuji

267
304

205
220

19.4
29.8

18.5
31.9

0.95
1.07

3039
9653

62.9
58.7

Table 21.Effect of shortening cut (summer pruning) on the growth of current shoot of Fuji
apples.

Total shoot
lengthz
(cm)

Length of shoot
growth from apexx
(cm)

Date of pruning
treatment

No. shoots growing
after treatmenty

June 2
June 15
July 1
July 15
Aug. 15
Sept. 1
Sept. 15
Oct. 1
Oct. 15

52
76
73
63
75
59
54
49
41

2.1
2.6
3.1
2.5
1.6
2.1
0.7
0.4
0.1

40
51
43
32
27
8
0.6
0.8
0.1

zGrowing current shoots were cut back in half and total length was measured after leaf fall
including new shoot growth from axillary buds.
yNumber of shoots growing from axillary buds after treatment.
xAverage length of new shoots growing from terminal axillary buds after treatment.

Table 22.Effect of etiolation on rooting of M.9 NAGANO in a 2-year-old stool bed.

No. of
shoots/mother
tree

No. of
well-rooted
shoots

Av. shoot
weight
(g)

Av. shoot
diameter
(mm)

Treatment

Etiolationz

6.4y

4.9

59.0

8.7

Control

6.1

1.2

65.9

8.2

Significancens**nsns
zShoots of stoolbed were mounded up with peat moss for shading when the shoots grew up about
3 cm.
yAverage of 14 mother trees.